Apexification is a method to induce a calcific barrier across an open apex of an immature, pulpless tooth. Apical closure occurs approximately three years after eruption. Traumatic injuries to young permanent teeth before root formation is complete commonly occur in children resulting in open apex. This can be treated by Surgical or Non - Surgical treatment modalities. Non surgical treatment modalities include various methods such as Customized cone, Short fill technique, Apexification with various materials and One visit apexification. Various materials that can be used for apexification include Calcium hydroxide, MTA, Tricalcium phosphate, Dentin chips, Calcium phosphate ceramics and hydroxyapatite and bone morphogenetic proteins. Calcium hydroxide is the most common and traditional material employed for inducing apexification. This is a multi visit technique requiring six months to four years to complete.
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