Background: Self-adhesive cement has found widespread use in various applications within prosthetic dentistry. Several conditioning agents, including phosphoric acid, polyacrylic acid, citric acid, and tannic acid, can influence the self-adhesive resin cement's bond strength. These agents have been studied for their effects on improving the self-adhesive resin cement's bond strength in different dental procedures. Materials and methods: A total of 24 recently extracted maxillary premolar teeth were carefully chosen for the present study. To protect their integrity, these teeth were cleaned and kept in distilled water until the procedure was performed. After that, the samples were split into four groups, each with 24 teeth. Group I was the control group, which received no surface treatment. In group II, 10% polyacrylic acid was scrubbed on the prepared tooth surface for a duration of 20 seconds. Group III involved the application of tannic acid (15%) on the prepared teeth for a period of 10 minutes. Lastly, group IV received a surface treatment with phosphoric acid (37%) applied for 15 seconds. After the surface treatment was completed, Rely X U200 cement was bonded to the prepared tooth surfaces in all four groups. The samples were put through a test utilizing a universal testing machine, which delivers controlled force to gauge the shear bond strength. Results: A statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) was found between the groups when the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the shear bond strength between the groups. The Mann-Whitney U-test was used to do further post hoc pairwise comparisons. According to the findings, group II's shear bond strength was much greater than that of the other three groups. There were no appreciable variations between group I and group III, group I and group IV, or group III and group IV, though. In conclusion, while no significant differences were discovered among the other pairwise comparisons, group II showed a considerably larger shear bond strength compared to the other three groups. Conclusion: The self-adhesive resin cement's bond strength to dentin was significantly improved by pretreating the dentin with 10% polyacrylic acid. This finding indicates that using polyacrylic acid as a conditioning agent can effectively improve the adhesive properties of the cement, leading to a stronger bond between the cement and dentin surface.