The Residual Ridge Resorption (RRR) is a major unsolved oral disease with unidentifiable characteristics and unwanted squealae causing physical, psychologic, and economic problems for millions of people all over the world. RRR is basically a term used to describe a condition that affects the alveolar ridge after tooth extractions even after healing of the wounds. RRR is a chronic, progressive, irreversible, and disabling disease, probably of multifactorial origin. The possible etiological factors could be divided into four categories: anatomic, metabolic, functional, and prosthetic. The primary structural change in the reduction of residual ridges is the loss of bone or reduction in the size of bony ridge under mucoperiosteum. The reduction in the ridge mainly occurs labially, lingually and on the crest. The reduction of the residual ridge leads to a variety of stages of ridge form, including high well-rounded, knife-edge, low well-rounded, and depressed forms. Alveolar bone atrophy is cumulative and irreversible, since alveolar bone cannot regenerate. It differs from one individual to the other. It also varies at different times and different sites. Some authors feel RRR as a normal physiologic process and not a disease but the cost in economic and human terms makes RRR as a major oral disease that can be described in terms of its pathology, pathophysiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, etiology, treatment and prevention.

Oral diseases are among the most common diseases of human kind, yet they receive little attention in many countries with weak health care systems. Despite a high social and economic burden from oral diseases they are considered a neglected area of international health. The purpose of this mini review is to highlight the effects of oral health on general body and vice versa as well as strategies for improving oral health.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the reversal of shear bond strength of composite to bleached enamel immediately after bleaching followed by application of various antioxidant solutions. Material and Methods: Seventy central incisors were divided into seven groups. Groups I and II served as unbleached and bleached controls respectively. Groups III, IV, V, VI and VII served as the experimental groups and were subjected to 37.5% hydrogen peroxide bleaching followed by 10 min application of 10% sodium ascorbate, 25% alpha-tocopherol, 6.5% grape seed extract, 5% lycopene and 5% green tea extract respectively. Following composite bonding, shear bond strength was determined and the results were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Post Hoc Multiple Comparisons test. Results: The bond strength values for Group I (positive control) were maximum and significantly different than all the other groups except Grape seed extract group (Group V). When compared to Group II (bleached control), all the groups showed significantly higher bond strength. Significant difference in the bond strength values were seen between Group III (10% sodium ascorbate) and Group V. Also values for Group V were significantly different from Group VI (5% lycopene). All the other values showed insignificantly different results. Conclusion: All the antioxidant solutions improved the shear bond strength values after bleaching but only Grape seed extract application reversed the values to the non bleached levels. Lycopene was least effective. Other antioxidants showed comparable results.

Aim: The present study was planned to analyze quantitative correlation of salivary Streptococcus Mutans (S. Mutans) in siblings and their mothers. Materials and Methods: Quantitative analysis of S. Mutans in saliva was performed using Dentocult SM strip mutans kit (Orion Diagnostica, Helsinki, Finland) in closely related members of the family i.e. siblings along with their mothers. Results: S. Mutans count between the siblings showed positive correlation which was statistically highly significant. The younger childrens S. Mutans count was very highly correlated (r_s = 0.711) with the mothers as compared to that of the older children (r_s = 0.412). The S. Mutans count was found to be associated with caries score and was statistically significant. A statistically highly significant positive association was also found with the plaque score. Conclusion: The correlation between the S. Mutans count of related individuals has been reaffirmed. S. Mutans is positively associated with dental caries.

Purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of sandblasting, monomer treatment and combined effect of sandblasting and monomer treatment of conventional denture base resin on tensile bond strength of heat and auto cure silicone soft liners. Two resilient liners Auto cure (Mollosil) and Heat cure (Molloplast- B) were selected. Fifty six samples with cross sectional area of 25 × 25 mm were prepared and divided into two groups (Group A heat cure and Group B auto cure). Each group was further divided into 4 subgroups (7 samples in each subgroup) dependent upon the surface pretreatment. Subgroup 1 was control group (no surface treatment), subgroup 2 samples were surface treated by sandblasting (250 μm alumina particles), subgroup 3 samples were treated with monomer (for 180seconds), subgroup 4 samples were given combined treatment with sandblasting and monomer. Resilient liners were processed between 2 poly methyl methacrylate surfaces, in the dimensions of 3 mm. Tensile bond strength was determined with Instron Universal testing machine, at a cross head speed of 5mm/min. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey HSD test (α = 0.05). Monomer and combined treatment significantly increased the tensile bond strength when compared with control. Sandblasting treatment significantly decreased the tensile bond strength when compared with control.

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a well-recognized, potentially malignant condition of the oral cavity that can affect any part of the oral mucosa. It is strongly associated with a risk of oral cancer, although the biology underlying this association is still unresolved. The purpose of this paper is to show the histopathological prototypical illustration of OSMF turning into oral squamous cell carcinoma.