Endodontic therapy enables several advantages including maintenance of a natural tooth with restoration of its esthetics and functions. But endodontically treated teeth are often mutilated by caries fracture or previous restoration. Historically, many methods have been attempted in the search for an ideal foundation or build-up design for endodontically treated teeth. Dr. G. V. Black developed a porcelain-faced crown secured in place with a screw embedded in gold filling. Richmond crown was designed as a self-contained restoration with the post being a part of the final crown. Post can be either prefabricated or custom made. Custom-made post can be fabricated by either direct or indirect technique. In the indirect technique, impression taken should exactly replicate the parameters such as design, length, surface configuration, and diameter. The main problems while taking the impression of post space are incorporation of voids in the radicular portion and the inability to produce accurate impression in all dimensions. It mainly affects the quality of fabricated cast post. Therefore, this study is undertaken to compare the different impression techniques used for post space. It is expected that the study will reveal some useful information about the impression techniques that can be used to reproduce accurate and void-free impression of post space.

Aim To evaluate and compare the retentive ability of commonly available denture adhesives in completely edentulous patient at different time intervals. Materials and Methods Ten completely edentulous patients were included in the present in vivo study. Complete dentures were fabricated, and retention of maxillary denture was recorded with and without denture adhesives (Fixon Supergrip powder, Fittydent paste, Super Poligrip powder, and Fit Fix powder) at 15 minutes, 1 hour, and 2 hours intervals for all patients. Force at which denture dislodged was recorded with digital force gauge and was considered as retentive value. Data obtained were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS software version 17.5 (Trial version). Intragroup comparison was done using paired t-test. Intergroup comparison was done using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post hoc Tukey's test. p-Value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant in all tests. Results Mean retention force of maxillary complete denture achieved with all four denture adhesives was significantly better than without adhesive at all time intervals. Intragroup comparison showed that each adhesive exhibited no change (p ≤ 0.05) in retention from 15 minutes to 2 hours interval except Fixon Supergrip powder adhesive which showed significant decrease (p = 0.009) in retention from 1 hour to 2 hours. Intergroup comparison revealed no statistically significant difference in retention of maxillary dentures with different denture adhesives at all time intervals (p ≥ 0.05). Conclusion Within the limitations of the study, it was concluded from the present study that all four adhesives irrespective of their form can be used to improve retention of dentures.

Veneering ceramic to the core is considered to be the weakest part of all-ceramic restorations. Zirconium dioxide, owing to its favorable properties such as high strength, chemical stability, and superior aesthetics, is the material of choice for fabrication of a core. The adhesion between the core and veneering porcelain is based on the same manner in which the connection occurs in metal–ceramic structures. However, the standard procedures for connecting zirconia to hard dental tissues and veneering materials do not achieve the required strength of bonding. The aim of this study was to investigate different surface treatments of the zirconium dioxide ceramic core for achieving highest adhesive bonding values to veneering porcelain. The study was primarily designed to investigate the bonding strength of the veneering porcelain to zirconia with in vitro macro shear bond strength test. The samples of zirconia were divided into four groups of 10 specimens, each according to the treatment of zirconium surface, and the results showed the highest bonding values for samples that were treated with the sandblasted group.

Purpose Health professionals, especially in dentistry, are involved at high risk of microbial cross contamination. There are many studies that reported the risk of cross-contamination in prosthetic laboratories. Although much importance has been given to infection control practices, such as the barrier technique, sterilization, and disinfection of the dental office and instruments, less emphasis has been given for the disinfection of dentures. The dentures in mouth are prosthetic medical devices that create an appropriate habitat for both pathogenic and nonpathogenic organisms to nurture. To avoid cross-contamination, denture disinfection is mandatory. This study evaluated the efficacy of four denture disinfectants on four most common organisms found in denture biofilm at two different time intervals. Materials and Methods Three hundred twenty denture base acrylic resin specimens were fabricated by means of wax patterns with dimensions diameter 15 mm × 4 mm. The contamination of samples was done by the four microorganisms taken in study that were Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. The contaminated samples were disinfected by immersion procedure in four disinfectants that were sodium hypochlorite, glutaraldehyde, peracetic acid, and chloroxylenol. Results Sodium hypochlorite was the best disinfectant resulting in complete elimination of microorganisms in 5 minutes immersion time. Glutaraldehyde and chloroxylenol were also effective against microorganisms. Minimum 10 minutes immersion time was required to completely eliminate the microorganisms. Peracetic acid was least effective of all showing the least reduction in microbial growth. Among the organisms, S. aureus showed the maximum resistance to disinfection, and C. albicans was the least resistant.

Aim The aim of this study was to investigate push-out bond strength of glass fiber posts after various surface treatments and to investigate push-out bond strength at different levels of root (coronal, middle, apical). Materials and Methods Forty extracted teeth were selected for study (maxillary anteriors and mandibular premolars). Roots were sectioned 16 mm from apex, endodontically treated and divided into four groups of 10 each based on surface treatment of posts; Group I (Control Group): No treatment of the post, Group II: Post surface were sandblasted and then treatment with silane coupling agent, Group III: Hydrofluoric acid application on the post surface and then treatment with silane coupling agent, Group IV: Post surface treated with 37% phosphoric acid treatment for 1 minute. Posts after various surface treatments were luted. Roots were then cut into three sections coronal, middle, and apical. The push-out test was done to assess push-out bond strength. The data obtained were statistically analyzed. Results Hydrofluoric acid and silane coupling agent treatment had little effect on the bond strength of post. Sandblasting and silane coupling agent was proven to be more effective and improved push-out strength of glass fiber posts followed by phosphoric acid group. Conclusion It was concluded that sandblasting followed by silane coupling agent showed highest bond strength in all parts of the root compared with other surface treatments. Highest push-out strength was found at the coronal level of the root followed by middle and apical level.

Amputation of any body part, especially the thumb, can be emotionally upsetting. The degree of psychological difficulty associated with amputation generally increases with age, with all other considerations being equal. Such a situation affects a patient's mental, social, and psychological well-being. This article presents a case report of prosthetic reconstruction of an amputated thumb of a 70-year-old male through a cost-effective procedure using heat cure acrylic resin material.

Loss of tooth structure in the esthetic region is a big challenge for restorative dentist as it not only involves the establishment of tooth structure but also complies microesthetics. If the tooth structure is lost near the gingival margin, then the periodontal aspect cannot be overlooked. Surgical crown lengthening and orthodontic extrusion of the remaining tooth structure are two possible treatment modalities for such cases. Which one is best suited depends on the indications for each procedure. This study reports an orthodontic extrusion for the restoration of fractured upper canine. Preference of crown lengthening by orthodontic extrusion over surgical crown lengthening is clarified along the case discussion.

The placement of dental implants in the maxillary anterior region is a challenge for clinicians because of existing anatomy and high esthetic demands. This article presents a case with limited anatomical three-dimensional space for implant placement and immediate loading for esthetic and functional restoration. Virtual implant placement was planned using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan, casts with trial denture bases, implant planning software (Nobel Clinician), and prosthetic designing software (Procera) to fabricate a surgical guide. The article describes the successful application of “Smart Fusion” (Nobel Biocare) in the production of the surgical template for accurate placement of osseointegrated implants.